Which of the following is an example of fair use?

Quoting a passage in a book for a review is an example of fair use because it falls under the category of commentary and criticism, which are recognized purposes of fair use. The fair use doctrine allows for limited use of copyrighted material without obtaining permission from the copyright holder, particularly when the use is transformative or serves a public interest, such as education or scholarship. In this case, including a brief quote can help illustrate a point or support an analysis in the review, thus enriching the discussion and providing context to readers.

The other choices involve uses that do not meet the criteria for fair use. Copying an entire book for sale would typically infringe on the copyright holder's rights, as it involves the reproduction of a substantial amount of a copyrighted work for commercial benefit. Similarly, using a copyrighted song in a commercial would also require permission, as it's a use that can significantly affect the market for the original work. Reproducing artwork for profit also infringes upon copyright since it entails using the original work without authorization for financial gain. Each of these scenarios lacks the transformative purpose or context that fair use requires.